For the director of exports Prom-Peru, Juan Carlos Mathews, the rate of growth in the coming years will be 10%, thanks to the new offer is still missing and exploited by the markets that are being opened by the hand of the agreements commercial.
The next target seems logical. When does the $ 50 billion? It seems so far to Mathews. According to the 10% rate of growth could be 5, 6 or 7 years. Time and global crises have the last word.
The truth is that a decade ago, when newly germinated the "boom and exporter and became the first shipments of textiles-clothing, we were at U.S. $ 6,000 million in exports. Today the figure seems small, it has increased almost 300% the amount exported.
Patterns While we are the first in the world in export of fish meal and oil, lead and silver, Peru also achieved on the path to be the leader in fresh and chilled asparagus, bananas, organic or organic coffee, which are considered nontraditional.
In this regard, Alejandra Alayza, executive coordinator of Network General, says that the total figures are good news for the country, but asked not to lose sight of the export pattern still holds that Peru: sell the world minerals and fish meal. This does not generate added value and means fewer jobs, mentioned.
Of the total amount exported last year 23% were non-traditional products and 77% traditional. The gap is still very far between the two groups. Mathews hopes that between this and next year will reach a ratio of 25% and 75%, "which is a lot in relation to millions of dollars." In a few years will be 30% and 70%, he added.
Eduardo Gonzalez, a partner at Muñiz, Ramírez, Pérez-Taiman & Olaya Association, notes that traditional products grew mainly by higher prices of minerals, while the diversity of products and increased volumes pushed up shipments of goods value.
He stressed that it comes to countries where the population has a higher income per capita than Peru. "These are countries whose people have sophisticated consumption habits and many Peruvian agro-industrial products have proven to live up to its demands. There is an effervescence export in Peru, "he said.
Meanwhile, Andrew Remezzano, manager of Peru Deloitte Corporate Finance, said that putting into effect trade agreements with the European Union, Japan and Korea, increased demand will be focused on non-traditional goods.
Concatenation In parallel, the number of companies that export doubled compared with 1999, when he totaled 3,589. Juan Carlos Mathews acknowledges that this figure could still grow much more when compared with the total amount exported. He noted that each year 35% of these companies do not export and that's a problem of sustainability has been working on Prom-Peru.
Alejandra Alayza adds that the state will need to better articulate the strings that are formed with each production sector. An emblematic case is the dangerous lowering of Peruvian cotton crops that have almost been left out of the textile-clothing chain, a major export sectors.
Although there is now a little over 7 thousand companies that export, Mathews says that in practice involves some three thousand more that are outsourced or provide supplies.
Also, another point worth mentioning is the increase in new export markets and the weight that the countries of Asia today.
Remezzano notes that last year the top three destinations of our exports were U.S., China and Switzerland, followed by European Union countries. And what stands out is the entry of China as the main target, since their participation 10 years ago was not significant.
Another angle that indicates the president of Peru, Cameras, Guillermo Vega Alvear, is that the regions have increased their share of shipments to the world. Currently, 70% comes from the regions, so much so that only represents Ancash Arequipa 10.9% and 10.49% of the total, he said.
Gonzalez believes that all these accomplishments were achieved through government measures such as setting drawback since 1995 and the recent General Customs Law. Remezzano adds that the latter is the creation of the single that facilitates administrative procedures.
Not the commodity To achieve our current exports increase, Mathews, Prom-Peru, says the challenge for exporters of nontraditional products will achieve product differentiation.
For example, garment exporters began their activities with the production of garments for others, but now we see the launch of brands that are driven by them abroad. In short, the idea is to move away from a cheap product on the market that approaches the status of a commodity.
Another aspect that small exporters are required to achieve the professionalism of their activities, he added.
Remezzano says small businesses they are complex procedures to get their products abroad and this work should be accompanied by the State.
cesar@worldtradecenterperu.com
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